Form for the construction of concrete walks, floors, curbs, gutters, and like structures.



M. S. HOTCHKISS. FORM ron TBE CONSTRUCTION oF UONGRBTB WALKs, rLooRs,UURBs,-GUTrBRs, AND

LIKE STRUCTURES.

APPLIOATION FILED DEO. 7, 1910.

985,035. Patented Feb.21, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

ATTORNE Y 8 M. S.HOTGHKISS. FORM POR THE CONSTRUCTION or CONCRETE WALxs,FLOORS, CUBs, OUTTBns, AND,

v LIKE STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION H1121) DEO. '1. 1910.

985,035. Patent-,ed BT11211911.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

mmm/1 /W/W/f /10 ron/mss TTURNEYS M. S. HOTCHKISS. y FORM FOR THBCONSTRUCTION OT CONCRETE WALKS, FLOORS, CURBS, CUTTBRS, AND

- LIKE STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 7, 1910.

985,035. Patented Feu21,1911.

3 BEEETB-BHEET 3.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEICE.

MARK STEWART HOTC'HKI-ss, OF EINGHAMTON, NEW YORK.

FORM FOR THE CONSTRUCTIONOF CONCRETE WALRS, FLOORS. CURES, GUTTERS, Ann

LIKE STRUCTURES.

PatentedpFeb. 21, 1911.

Application inea December 7, 191e. fseria'l No. 596,075'.

To all whom it may concern: f

Be it known that I, MARK 'STEWART' HOTCHKISS, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Binghamton, in the county of Broome and Stateof New York, have invented a new and Improved Form for the' Constructionof Concrete -Walks, Floors, Curbs, Gutters, and Like Structures, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and e'X- act description. v

The object of the invention to provide 'I a new and improved form forthe constructionof concrete Walks, oors, curbs, gutters, and-likestructures, and arranged to insure perfect alinemnt of the sections ofthe form and stability of the form without requiring stakes orbraces,and to permit of convenlently and quickly assembling the form parts intoa self-sustaining mold. The. form when set up has compartmentsadapted'to receivev plastic material for'forming-the structure, and 1nwhlch the sections are spaced apart to allow ready expansion andcontraction vdue to atmospheric or other causes, or to permit theindependent yremoval and replacement of sections of the completedstructure. The construction of the forms permits the readydisassemlolingv and removal ofthe form parts prior to the hardening ofthe plastic material, without danger of disturbing or mai-ring thesections, so that the molded surfaces may be readily finished, and sothat the form may be remployed immediately, thereby reducing the numberof form parts required.

The form consists of interchangeable parts which may be variouslycombined for the several kinds of construction above melitioned. y

For the purposes mentioned use ismade of sides spaced apart and theirlower edges disposed in approximately the same horizontal plane, thesides having 'bases for rest-v ing the sides on vthe ground or othersupport, and top surfaces for guiding a strikeofl. tool for shaping theupper surface of the structure and removing surplus plastic materials,the sides being provided intermediate their ends with oppositelydisposed slots or apertures; thin transversely-disposed division platesextending between the said sides and having their ends abutting againstthe inner faces ofisaid sides, the said division plates being in generalfiush at top and'bottom with the top'and base surfaces of the saidsides, the said division plates being shaped to conform to thecross-section of 'the-structure to be molded, thereby allowing theirupper edges to be used for. guiding a 'strike-off tool to shape theupper surface of the structure, and the said division plates beingprovidedat their ends with tongues extending through the saidside'apertures,

whereby the sides and division plates are held in upright position, andremovable locking means in engagement with the projecting outer ends ofthe said tongues and, the outer faces of the said sides, to lock thewhich similar characters of reference indie" cate corresponding parts inall the views.

Figure 1 is a perspective View of the form setup and showing somecompartments com, pletely filled and finished with plastic ma# terial,and. another compartment but partly filled with the plastic material.Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, parts being in section. Fig. 3 is aside elevation of a portion of the same. Fig. 4 is a transverse sectionvon line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a side view of a division plate to beused in forming crossings. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a modified formof the means employed for fastening the adjacent ends of successi-veside sections together. Fig. 7 is a sectional plan view of the same onthe line 7 7 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a cross section of la modified form of the means for fasteninga division plate to a side beam, the section being .on the line 8 8 ofFig. 9. Fig. 9 isa sectional plan view of the same on .the line 9 9 ofFig. 8. Fig.410 is a side elevation of a modified form of the means forfastening adjacent ends of successive side sections` together.

Fig. 11 is a' like view of another modified formof the same. Fig. 12 isa lan vlew of a modified form of the means or fastening a division platein position on a side. I Fig. 13 is a cross section of the same on theline 12-12 of Fig. 11. Fi 14 is a sectional perspective view ofy anot ermodified form of the means vfor fastening a division plate to the sidesection. Fig. 15 is a transverse section of the same on the line 'l5-15of Fig.

14. Fig. 16 isa perspective view of a form for forming a curb andgutter, showing one compartment empty and the others ti ll ed.' Fig. 17is a side view of one of tliedivision plates. Fig. 18 is a perspectiveview of a form for forming a curb, two o f the compartments being iilled.and the other empty; and Fig. 19 is a side view of one of the divisionplates. l

` The form for laying concrete sidewalks consists essentially ofsectional sides A, A', transverse division plates B, interlocking meansC for fastening theadjacent ends of the sections of a side A or Atogether, and fastening devices D for fastening the division plates Band the sides A, A together.

The sides A, A', as shown in Figs. 1 to 10,.

inclusive, are preferably formed of channel beams, each having abottoniiiange'Az, a top iange A3 and a web A4, the channel beams beingset up so that the webs A4 are disposed vertically, and the ianges A2,'A3 extend outwardly, t-he lower flange A2 forming a base forsupportingthe beam onfthe ground and the upper flange AS forming a guidefor supporting a strike olf tool,-to remove the surplus vplasticmaterial, as herein- A3, A2 of the-sides A, A. By reference to l conafter more fully explained. The webs A4 4are provided with verticalslots or apertures A5, preferably spaced equidistant, the slots A5 ofthefside A being directly' opposite the slots A5 on the other sideA, toform pairs 0f transversely registeringslots, for the reception oftongues B', lformed integrally on the ends of the division plates B.Each division. plate 'B is made thin and is of a height corresponding tothe height of the sides A,

A', so that when the tongues B' of a division plate B engage a pair oflregistering apertures A5, then the division plate is held 'in avertical position, and its top and bottom are flush with the top andbottom flanges the drawings, it will be noticed that the ends of `eachdivision plate B abut against the innerV surfaces of theff'sides A, A'.Each tongue B' is provided` with a slot'BzQfor the reception of a keyD',iadapted to engage the outerv face of the web A4, seas" to "securelyfasten the division plate B in position yat the' sides A, A', it beingunderstood that when the key D' 'is driven home, the sides A, A', aremoved in firm engagement with the ends ,of the division vplates B, toform a rigid structure. 1; v

In order to join the adjacent endsfof successive sidev beams ofthe-sides'A,-A', use is made of the fastening devicesC, shown in Figs.1, 2 and 3 as consisting of a tongue'fC' secured to the outside of theweb A4, lat one end of the beam, to project vbeyond thesame and Jenter asocket C2 attached to the web A4 at the eii'dof the next successivebeam, as will be readilywunderstood by reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3. sThus successive beams are fastened together at 'their adjacent ends sothat the inner surfaces of the sides A, A', form a continuous andpractically unbroken surface, and the side beams A, A form with thedivision plates B compartments for the reception of the concrete orotherplastic inaterial E..

When the form is set up it is sufficiently firm and rigid to require nofurther braces or stakes for Vholding the sides in alineinent, and theform is not liable to shift, owing to its rigidity, and consequent-lythe workmen can readily fill the concrete or other plastic material Einto the compartments, one after the other, and finish the same with thestrikeoff tool guided on the upper edges of the forni, to insure theformation of a smooth top surface. Before the plastic material hardens,the locking devices D are removed, and the side beams are detachedlaterally from the division plates, the division plates are thenwithdrawn from between adjacent sections of the walk; thus allowing thefinishing of the joints between said adjacent sections, and the exposedsides of said sections.

For the construction of crossings, I use division plates of the formshown in Fig. 5. The plate Bi is'similar in construction to the plates Bexcept that it has its upper edge curved, so that the crossing will haveacon-` veX or curved upper surface.

It is understood that in takingthe'form apart it is necessary only toremove the wedges D, so as to allow of moving the side beams outward,away from the sides of the wa1k,after which the division plates `B maybe lifted or drawn out, thus leaving the sidewalk or crossing insections, spaced apart so as to permit the expansion and contraction `ofthe sidewalk sections.

Although the form above described, is the preferred one, otherinterlocking end-engaging means on the side faces of the side bars may be'used. For instance, instead ofthe tonguesI C and sockets-D othersockets such as F may be secured to the webs A.4l at the ends 'of theadjacent beams and into said socketsmay be drivenwedges F', F2. from theopposite sides so as to lock the beams together, as seen in Figs. 6 and7.

As shown in Fig. 10, the locking device consists of a socket Gr`fastened to the end of one beam, and through the socket extend links orhooks Gr' pivoted at G2 on the beam carrying the socket G, the free orhook ends' ofthe said hooks G engaging studs G3, secured on the web ofthe adjacent, beam, so as to hold the tw'o beams interlocked one withthe other and each in alinement with the other.

As shown infFig. 11, hooks H :are employed,riveted or otherwisefastened'to the web A* of onebeamfto hook onto studs H on the web A4 ofthe adjacent beam.

The means for fastening the division means of keys D',

tened together by plates B in position on the corresponding side beammay also be varied, for instance, as shown in Figs. '8 and 9, thedivision plate B is provided with a tongue B3 at each end, and on thetongue is formed a reduced portion B4, engaged by a U-shaped spring I,riveted in place in the reduced portion by a rivet I', the spring havingits free ends I2 extending inwardly, to abut against the outer lface ofthe web A4 after the tongue B?y is pushed through the corresponding slotA5 in the web A4. The tongue B3 is provided with an opening B5 for thefree ends lI2 when the tongue B3 is pushed through the slot A5, -asbefore explained.

Although channel beams having a. metal web and metal anges are preferredin the lconstruction of-the sides A, A', the latter may be made in theform of beams (see Figs. 12 and 13), having awooden web J and the bottomand top flanges J', J 2 'of metal. Each divisi-on plate K is provided ateach end With a stud K', passing through an aperture in the web J, andon the end of the stud screws a nut K2 against a Washer K3 restingagainst the outer face of the web J. In order to hold the division plateK in a vertical position, t-he end portions thereof extend into verticalslots J3, formed in the inner faces of theside bea-ms. On 'removing' thenuts K2 the side beams can be readily moved away from-the sides of thesidewalk, to allow of finishing the said sides prior to the concretelhaving set and hardened.

In the construction disclosed in Figs. 14 and 15 the side beam is formedof a Wooden web Land metal bottom and top flanges. L', L2, which protectthe web and also serve the lsame purpose as the flanges A2, A3. Thedivision plate N is provided at each end with a tongue N', projectingthrough a slot in the web L, the tongue abutting with its bottom and topedges against the flanges L', L?, and the tongue having bottom and topnotches N2, N8 for engagement by the side arms of a U-shaped key O,resting against the flanges L, the division plates N are preferably letinto recesses L8 formed in the inner faces of the side beams, as shownin Fig. 14.

In Fig. 16 I have shown a formv -for constructing a curb andA gutter. Inthis form the side beams are similar in construction to the side beamsshown in Fig. 1 and are fasp similar fastening devices C', C2. One ofthe sides of the form is formed by two superimposed beams A' while theother side is formed by a singlev beam A. The division plates By areshaped to conform to a cross-section of the curb and gutter to beconstructed, but with the addition of tongues B" for the-securing of oneor more side beams A or A' at either end by the same as the plates B inFig. 1. -The division plates By serve as y forms.

and L2, as plainly shown. The ends ofl guides for striking olithesurface and for securing uniformity in the shape and dimensions ofthe curband the dip of the gutter. The number of side beams A or A' usedon either end is immaterial and for this purpose'it is possible toutilize the side beams of sidewalk forms if desired. `The top side beamson either end are preferably flush with the adjacent upper edge of thedivision plates.

For constructing a curb I use the form shown in Fig. 18. In this form Ialso use side beams similar in construction to the beams shown in Fig.1, and fasten them together by similar fastening devices C', As shown aplurality of side beams A, A' are employed on each'side, as many beingused as the Iheight of the curb requires, and the division plates BZ aresecured to the said beams by tongues B' and keys D' the same ble of widevariation in shape, and the number and location of the tongues on thesaid platel can be varied and changed, the number and location beingdetermined by the height of the 'plates and the number of side beamsemployed.

As will be seen the side beams are adaptedA to be interchangeably usedfor the several This not only facilitates the forming of differentdivision plates, but it greatly rev duces the cost of said structures.

1. A sectional form comprising metal side bars provided withinterlocking end-engaging means on a side face of the side bars, andslots intermediate the ends ofsaid side bars, transverse division plateshaving shoulders adapted to abut against the said side bars and tonguesadapted to be inserted through the slots in said bars, and meansengaging said tongues to secure the parts in position, said bars anddivision plates making a guide for striking-off, substantially asdescribed.

2. A form for concretework, comprising sides spaced apart and disposedin approximately the same horizontal plane, the sides havingbases forresting the sides on the ground and top surfaces for guiding astrike-oit' or finishing tool, the sides being provided intermediatetheir ends with oppositely-disposed slotsl o r apertures, trans'versely-disposed division plates extending between the said sides andhaving their ends abutting against the inner faces of the said sides,the said division plates beingI flush at the top and bottom with the topand base surfacesof the said sides, and the said division plates beingprovided at their ends with tongues extending through the said sideapertures, whereby the division plates and sides are held 4in 4uprightposition, and removable locking means in engagement .85 as in Fig. 1.These division plates are capadifferent structures by simply using v 55t plates with the projecting outer ends of the said i tongues and theouter faces of the said sides to lock the sides and division platestogether.

'3. 'A form for concrete work; comprisin (T channel beams spaced apartand disposed in approximately `the same horizontal plane,

. and vertical rigidity, the webs of the said channel beams beingprovided intermediate their ends with ,oppositely-disposed apertures,and transverse vertically-disposed d ivision plates extending betweenthe said channel beams and having their ends abutting against the innerfaces of the channel beams, the said division plates being fiush at thetop and bottom with the top and bottom surfaces of the said channelbeams,

l and the said division plates being provided at their ends with tonguesextending through the said apertures inthe said webs whereby the saiddivision. plates and channel-"beams are held in upright position, andremovable locking means for engagement with fthe projecting outer endsof thelsaid tongues to lock .thechannel beams and division platestogether.

4. A form for concrete work, comprisinv` channel beams spaced apart anddisposed in approximately the same horizontal plane, t-he channel beamsbeing set up with their flanges at the .top and bottom and extendingoutward in opposite directions, each bottom flange forming a base for'resting the beam on the ground, and thejupper flanges forming guidingsurfaces for a strike'off or finishing tool, the ianges giving lateraland vertical rigidity, the webs of the said chanf nel beams beingprovided intermediate their ends iwith Voppositely-disposed apertures,transverse vertically-,disposed divisionplat'es extendingl between thesaid channel beams and having theirendsabutting against the inner facesof the channel beams, the said division plates being flush at to andbottom withthe top and bottom' sur aces of the said channel beams andthe said division vplates beingv provided at their ends with tonguesextending through the apertures in lthe said webs whereby the saiddivision4 and channel beams are held in upright position, the vsaidtongues,l being provided With slots,

of the webs of the c annel beagns.

5. A sectional form'for concreteA work,

and wedges inserted 1n the said slots and restin against the outer facescomprising sectional sides having self-sustaining bases for sustainingthe sides on the ground, the sections of each side being joined atadjacent ends to present an inner surfacev of unbroken contmuity, eachsection of a side being providedintermediate its ends with aperturesinterlocking' means exteriorly on the adJacent ends of'successivesections of a side to lock the sections together,transversedivisionplates spaced apart between the sectional sides andhaving their ends abutting a ainst the said inner faces of the sides' toorm compartments for the reception of the plastic'material, the saiddivision plates being flush on top and bottom with the top -and base ofthe said sides to guide'a striking-off or finishing .tool over the.

said tops of the sidesand dlvision plates, and the said division platesbeing provided at their ends with tongues extending throu h the vsaidapertures in the sides whereby the said' division plates areheld inlupright position, and removable locking means for engagement with theprojectingouter ends of the said tongues to lock the sides and divisionplates together. 1

6. A---sectional form' for concrete work, comprising sectional sides,transverse divi- 4sion plates spacedv apart and extending between thesectional sides,l fastening means for fastening the said division platesto the said sides, andinterlocking means for conneet-ing adjacent endsof successiver'side sections with each other, Ieach side section beingin thel form of a channell beam, the flanges of whichextend outward, andone formin a base ada ted to rest on the ground an the other guide for astrike-off or finishing tool, the. said interlocking means consisting ofa forwardly-projecting ton e at one end of each side section and a socet at the other end, and i'ntolwhich socket ts'the tongue of the nextfollowing side section to interlock ad-V jacent side sections, and thesaid fastening means consisting of slotted projecting tongues at theends of the division plates, fitting into and passing through aperturesin thewebs of the channel beams, to hold the division plates and channelbeams in `upright positionand flush at their upper and lower edges withthe top andbottom of the channel beams, 'and wedges passing .through theslots of the said division late tongues andresting against theputer acesof the webs of thechannel beams.

MARK ASTEWART HOTCHKISS.

orming a top los i

